Metropolitan Manila is served by one main international gateway and three secondary airfields, only some of which handle scheduled passenger services for those arriving on a flight to Manila. While the central international hub is located within the urban core, several alternative airfields in the surrounding provinces provide additional capacity for low-cost and regional services.
Ninoy Aquino International Airport (MNL)
The Ninoy Aquino International Airport, identified by the code MNL, serves as the primary gateway to the city and is located approximately 7 km south of the central districts, straddling the border of Pasay and Parañaque. As the busiest aviation hub in the country, it serves as the main base for Philippine Airlines, Cebu Pacific, and AirAsia Philippines. The airport operates through four distinct terminals that handle a comprehensive network of long-haul international routes and high-frequency domestic connections across the archipelago.
Upon clearing arrivals, travellers can reach the city centre using the Ube Express, an official premium airport bus service that connects the terminals to major hubs like Makati, Roxas Boulevard, and Intramuros. For a more direct route, official airport taxis and ride-hailing services such as Grab are widely available, typically reaching the Makati Central Business District in 20 to 45 minutes depending on the local traffic conditions. While there is no direct heavy rail link into the terminals, the EDSA Station of the LRT Line 1 and the Taft Avenue Station of the MRT Line 3 are accessible via a short shuttle or taxi ride for those heading towards Quezon City.
Clark International Airport (CRK)
Located roughly 90 km north-west of the capital within the Clark Freeport Zone in Pampanga, Clark International Airport (CRK) serves as a significant secondary gateway for flights to Manila. It has grown into a major hub for low-cost carriers and an increasing number of full-service international airlines, offering an alternative to the more congested primary airport. The facility features a modern terminal designed to handle both international regional traffic and domestic departures to popular island destinations.
Travellers landing here can utilise high-quality Point-to-Point (P2P) bus services, which provide the most efficient link to the capital. These buses run frequently to major destinations such as TriNoma in Quezon City, NAIA Terminal 3, and Bonifacio Global City, with journey times usually ranging between 90 minutes and 3 hours based on traffic. Taxis and private car hire are also available at the terminal for those requiring direct transport to specific areas in Central Luzon or the Metro Manila region.
Sangley Point Airport (SGL)
Known officially as Danilo Atienza Air Base or Sangley Point Airport (SGL), this facility is situated on a peninsula in Cavite City, about 20 km south-west of the capital, across Manila Bay. Originally a military airbase, it was developed to handle general aviation and turboprop domestic passenger flights to help alleviate air traffic congestion at the main international hub. Its role is primarily focused on smaller aircraft and niche domestic routes rather than large-scale international commercial traffic.
Access to the capital from this location is unique due to its coastal position. A ferry service has historically operated between the Sangley Point terminal and the CCP Complex in Pasay, offering a scenic transit of approximately 20 to 30 minutes. Additionally, point-to-point buses and public transport links connect the airport to the PITX (Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange), where travellers can transfer to various bus and jeepney lines serving the wider metropolitan area.
Subic Bay International Airport (SFS)
Situated approximately 120 km from the city within the Subic Bay Freeport Zone, Subic Bay International Airport (SFS) functions largely as a diversion airport and a hub for general aviation and flight training. While it does not currently maintain the same volume of scheduled commercial passenger traffic as other gateways, it remains a strategic infrastructure piece for the region. It primarily serves the Zambales province and the northern economic zones.
For passengers arriving at this facility, the most practical way to reach the capital is by taking a long-distance bus from the Olongapo bus terminals. These services travel via the Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway (SCTEX) and the North Luzon Expressway (NLEX), arriving at terminals in Cubao or Pasay in approximately 3 to 4 hours. Private transfers and car hire are also common for travellers heading directly to the business districts of Metro Manila.